Inopportune: Stage One by Cai Guo-Qiang
With the Olympics on our heels the world’s gaze is fixed on China. But there’s a lot more going on there than stadiums, torches, training, corporate sponsorship and sweaty towels.
Until relatively recently there were very few private collections or museums with contemporary Chinese art, but it’s now the peak of attention and esteem. Like Paris in the 20s, New York in the 70s or Berlin in the 90s, Beijing is today one of the most exciting art centres of the world.
Like all these places before it, it’s a site of rapid change - nowhere else on earth is transforming so rapidly or at such a large scale. The nation’s transmuting urban environments have opened up the potential to explore what it being lost, and what is coming; and artists working in China are capturing the energy, uncertainty and transience of their shifting society.
From Confucius to Mao, the culture has traditionally disregarded individualism in favour of the collective good - but this is shifting. China’s radical transition from communism to consumerism has occurred alongside dizzying developments in new technology, economic growth, urbanisation and globalisation. With this has come a fascinating explosion of art that’s concerned with new identity – both national and individual.
Reflecting the ambivalence of their times and breaking away from the old-world values of generations past, many contemporary Chinese artists also evoke a quiet melancholy for lost tradition. A culture with a rich and ancient history of refined craftsmanship, Chinese artists today both re-engage and re-imagine their artistic past, often employing the old, orthodox techniques and aesthetics in their work.
After China was opened up to the outside world in the late 70s there was an expeditious emergence of young artists who were striving to catch up with the modernist and post-modernist developments in art in the west. In 1989 there was to be a large show called the China Modern Art Exhibition in Beijing. But when on the day of the official opening the performance artist Xiao Lu walked into the gallery and fired two gun shots into a glass mirror that formed the centrepiece of her own installation, Dialogue, she was promptly arrested and the entire exhibition was closed down.
With the horrific consequences of the student protests at Tiananmen Square in the same year, the exploding art scene suddenly seemed to mellow down into obscurity. The brave new resurgence has only come about in the last decade or so, with the Shanghai Biennale (and the controversial coinciding group exhibition Fuck Off) in 2000 bringing widespread attention.
Ai Weiwei Dropping a Han Dynasty Urn
Today Ai Weiwei is one of the biggest names in contemporary Chinese art. A cultural commentator, publisher, curator, architect and artist, he’s recently been in Sydney for the first international survey of his work. The show, still on at Sherman gallery in Paddington and at Campbelltown Arts Centre is titled Under Construction – referring to the ways Ai deals with the destruction and construction of history, of ancient artefacts, of identity and of China itself.
Another superstar on the scene is Cai Guo-Qiang, whose use of gunpowder in his vast drawings eventually led to him experimenting with explosives that he developed for his signature ‘explosion events’ - artistically choreographed shows using fireworks and other pyrotechnics. His large-scale animal sculpture/installation pieces, like the one pictured here, are also well known.
The conceptual artist Zhao Bandi has made his reputation with staged scenarios where he and his toy panda play out everyday situations. Blurring the boundary between image and reality, the panda character has a voice of its own – often appearing in speech bubbles. Last year the eccentric artist worked on a show for China Fashion Week in Beijing, presenting 33 black and white panda-esque creations that represented different social classes and issues in China.
What these artists and so many of their contemporaries have in common is the desire to intersect, dissect and rebuild their surroundings, and question the values and meanings of their still unstable reality. But the society has come a long way since the censoring of the China Modern Art Exhibition in ’89. That Xiao Lu’s aforementioned Dialogue sold for US$200 000 in 2006 at a Beijing auction is testament to the profound cultural shift that has taken place.
With only five contemporary art galleries in China in the early 90s, today there are well over 100. If you’re heading to Beijing, the best way to being to grasp the plethora of new art is to go to the Danshi district known as 798. An abandoned military electronics factory on the outskirts of the city, the site has been converted to a hub of studios, galleries and performance spaces showcasing a smorgasbord of the many flavours this generation of creatives are cooking up.